CSS学习笔记之常用Mixin封装实例代码

为了有效的维护和开发项目，代码的重复利用就显得尤为重要。在Sass中，除了@import和@extend可以使你的代码更加具有重复利用性，@mixin指令也同样能提高你代码的重复使用率并简化你的代码。个人在做项目的过程中总结归纳的一些常用Mixin，现在分享出来供大家学习。

基于Less编写。但是CSS预处理器都是相通的，你可以很轻易的修改成Sass、Stylus

代码免不了错误和Bug，如果你能帮我修改或者补充 万分感谢！！

参考了一些开源库，如：est、csslab等

Usage

/** * 作品：mixin.less * 更新：2017年12月14日 * 简介：1. 一个基于 Less 的样式工具库，封装了常用 mixin，帮助您更轻松地书写 Less 代码。 * 2. 只在调用时才输出代码，减少代码冗余，避免样式污染 * 3. 不自带兼容前缀，减少代码量，而建议采用工具生成，如 postcss、Autoprefixer、less-plugin-autoprefix 等 * 4. 附带 IE 各类 Hack */ /*------------------------------------- ├ 布局 ┆ └------------------------------------*/ // 盒子宽高 .size(@w, @h) { width: @w; height: @h; } // 最小尺寸, 兼容IE6 .min-width(@min-w) { min-width: @min-w; _width: @min-w; } .min-height(@min-h) { min-height: @min-h; _height: @min-h; } // 内联块级元素, 兼容IE6 .dib() { display: inline-block; *display: inline; *zoom: 1; } // 固定定位, 兼容IE6 .fixed() { position: fixed; _position: absolute; *zoom: 1; } // 统一盒模型 .border-box() { *, *:after, *:before { -webkit-box-sizing: border-box; -moz-box-sizing: border-box; box-sizing: border-box; } } // 文字图片居中 .center(text-x) { text-align: center; } .center(text-y) { display: table-cell; vertical-align: middle; } // 块级元素水平居中 .center(auto-x) { display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; } // 居中, 不确定尺寸, 不兼容 IE6 .center(unknown) { position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; right: 0; bottom: 0; margin: auto; } .center(unknown-x) { position: absolute; left: 0; right: 0; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; } .center(unknown-y) { position: absolute; top: 0; bottom: 0; margin-top: auto; margin-bottom: auto; } // 居中, 确定尺寸, 兼容 IE6 .center(known, @w, @h) { .size(@w, @h); position: absolute; top: 50%; left: 50%; margin-top: -(@w / 2); margin-left: -(@h / 2); } .center(known-x, @w) { width: @w; position: absolute; left: 50%; margin-left: -(@h / 2); } .center(known-y, @h) { height: @h; position: absolute; top: 50%; margin-top: -(@w / 2); } // 居中, CSS3 平移方式, 兼容性不行 .center(translate) { position: absolute; top: 50%; left: 50%; transform: translate(-50%, -50%); } // 居中, Flex 方式, 兼容性不行 .center(flex) { display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; } // 多个子项布局 .list(float, @w: 25%) { float: left; width: @w; } .list(inline, @w: 25%) { .dib(); width: @w; } .list(flex) { flex: 1; } // 遮罩层, 全屏遮罩、区域遮罩 .over-screen(fixed) { .fixed(); top: 0; left: 0; right: 0; bottom: 0; } .over-screen(absolute) { position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; right: 0; bottom: 0; } // 容器宽高比固定 // 100* 1/1 = 100% // 100* 3/4 = 75% .fixed-ratio(@padding-top: 100%) { position: relative; width: 100%; height: 0; padding-top: @padding-top; img { position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; } } // 扩展点击区域 .extend-click() { position: relative; &:before { content: ''; position: absolute; top: -10px; left: -10px; right: -10px; bottom: -10px; } } // 定宽居中页面布局 .layout-page(@width: 1200px) { width: @width; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; } // 侧边栏 // 主要区域：overflow: hidden; margin-left: xx; margin-right: xx; .sidebar(left, @width) { position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: @width; } .sidebar(right, @width) { position: absolute; top: 0; right: 0; width: @width; } /*------------------------------------- ├ 字体 ┆ └------------------------------------*/ // 字体大小 .fz(@fz) { font-size: @fz; } // 字体大小与行高 .fz(@fz, @lh) { font-size: @fz; line-height: @lh; } // 字体大小、行高、高度 .fz(@fz, @h, @lh: @h) { font-size: @fz; height: @h; line-height: @lh; } // 行高与高度 .lh(@h, @lh: @h) { height: @h; line-height: @lh; } // 字体颜色, 包括链接与非链接 .color(@color) { color: @color;} // 字体颜色 + 自身 Hover .color(@color, @hovercolor) { color: @color; &:hover { color: @hovercolor; } } // 字体颜色 + 链接 Hover .color(@color, @acolor, @hovercolor) { color: @color; a { color: @acolor; &:hover { color: @hovercolor; } } } // 正常字体样式 .normal-font() { font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; } // 辅助性文字（灰色） .assist-font(@color: #b0b0b0, @fz: 14px) { color: @color; font-size: @fz; } // 禁止换行, 文本溢出省略号显示 (一行) .ellipsis() { white-space: normal; word-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-all; -o-text-overflow: ellipsis; -ms-text-overflow: ellipsis; text-overflow:ellipsis; overflow:hidden; } // 文本溢出省略号显示 (多行) // 只支持 webkit 浏览器, 解决方案：高度 = 行高*行数 // height: 90px; line-height: 30px; -webkit-line-clamp: 3; .ellipsis-mult(@n: 3) { display: -webkit-box; -webkit-box-orient: vertical;-webkit-line-clamp: @n; word-break: break-all; -o-text-overflow: ellipsis; -ms-text-overflow: ellipsis; text-overflow:ellipsis; overflow: hidden; } // 书写模式：牌匾从右至左水平单行排版效果、文笺从右至左、从上至下排版效果 .retext(x) { direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: bidi-override; } .retext(y) { writing-mode: tb-rl; writing-mode: vertical-rl; } // 文字透明 .transparent-text() { font: 0/0 serif; text-shadow: none; color: transparent; } // 文字隐藏（常用于SEO优化） // <a href=http://www.jb51.net/css/"" title="Logo SEO 优化 "><h1 class="logo">xx</h1></a> .hidden-text() { text-indent : -9999px; overflow: hidden; text-align: left; } // 文字外发光效果 .glow-text(@r: 10px, @color: gold) { text-shadow: 0 0 @r @color; } /*------------------------------------- ├ 图像 ┆ └------------------------------------*/ // 用 max-width 来防止图片撑破容器 .max-img() { display: block; max-width: 100%; height: auto; } // 2x 3x 背景图片 .bg-image(@url) { background-image: url("@url + '@2x.png'"); @media (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 3), (min-device-pixel-ratio: 3) { background-image: url("@url + '@3x.png'"); } } // 全屏大图背景 .fullscreen-bg(@url) { width: 100vw; height: 100vh; background: url(@url) no-repeat 50% 50%; background-size: cover; } // 滤镜: 将彩色照片显示为黑白照片 .grayscale() { filter: grayscale(100%); -webkit-filter: grayscale(100%); -moz-filter: grayscale(100%); -ms-filter: grayscale(100%); -o-filter: grayscale(100%); } /*------------------------------------- ├ 动效 ┆ └------------------------------------*/ // 链接默认无下划线，hover后有下划线的样式 .hover-link() { text-decoration: none; &:hover { text-decoration: underline; } } // 将链接变成默认的文字样式 .unstyled-link() { color: inherit; cursor: inherit; text-decoration: inherit; &:active, &:focus { outline: none; } } // 盒子阴影 // box-shadow: 水平阴影的位置, 垂直阴影的位置, 模糊距离, 阴影的大小, 阴影的颜色, 阴影开始方向（默认是从里往外，设置inset就是从外往里）; // box-shadow: h-shadow v-shadow blur spread color inset; .box-shadow() { box-shadow: 0px 14px 26px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1); } // 盒子 Hover .box-hover() { // box-shadow: 0px 1px 2px 0px rgba(84, 107, 107, .4); transition: all .2s linear; &:hover { box-shadow: 0 15px 30px rgba(0, 0, 0, .1); transform: translate3d(0, -2px, 0); } } .box-hover2() { transition: transform .5s ease; &:hover { transform: translateX(10px); } } // 三维闪动 bug 处理 .transform-fix() { -webkit-backface-visibility: hidden; -webkit-transform-style: preserve-3d; } // Animation .ani(@name, @time: 1s, @ease: ease-in-out, @fillmode: forwards) { animation-name: @name; animation-duration: @time; animation-timing-function: @ease; animation-fill-mode: @fillmode; } /*------------------------------------- ├ 功能 ┆ └------------------------------------*/ // 浮动, 兼容 IE6 .fl() { float: left; *display: inline; _display:inline; } .fr() { float: right; *display: inline; _display:inline; } // 清除浮动 .clearfix() { *zoom: 1; &:after { display: block; clear: both; content: ''; visibility: hidden; height: 0; } } .clearfix(table) { *zoom: 1; &:before, &:after { content: " "; display: table; clear: both; } } // 禁止文本被选择 .user-select() { -webkit-user-select: none; -moz-user-select: none; -ms-user-select: none; user-select: none; } // 隐藏鼠标手势 .hide-cursor() { cursor: none !important; } // 鼠标禁用样式，但仍然可以触发事件 // <input type="text" disabled="disabled"> .disabled() { cursor: not-allowed; } // 禁用元素事件 // 1. 阻止任何点击动作的执行 // 2. 使链接显示为默认光标(cursor:default) // 3. 阻止触发hover和active状态 // 4. 阻止JavaScript点击事件的触发 .pointer-events() { pointer-events: none; } // 模糊 .blur(@blur: 10px) { filter: blur(@blur); -webkit-filter: blur(@blur); -moz-filter: blur(@blur); -o-filter: blur(@blur); -ms-filter: blur(@blur); filter: progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.Blur(PixelRadius='@{blur}'); *zoom: 1; } // 透明度, 兼容 IE8 .opacity(@opacity: 20) { opacity: @opacity / 100; filter: alpha(opacity=@opacity); } // 用伪类来显示打印时 a 标签的链接 .print-link() { @media print { a[href]:after { content: " (" attr(href) ") "; } } } // 隔行换色 .zebra-lists(odd, @color) { &.odd { >li:nth-child(odd) { background-color: @color; } } } .zebra-lists(even, @color) { &.even { >li:nth-child(even) { background: green; } } } // 首字下沉 .first-letter(@font-size: 6em) { &::first-letter{ float: left; line-height: 1; font-size: @font-size; } } // 特殊标记段落第一行 .first-line() { &::first-line{ color: red } } // 美化选中文本 .beauty-select() { &::selection{ color: #fff; background-color: #6bc30d; text-shadow: none; } } // 美化占位符 placeholder 样式 .beauty-placeholder(@fz, @color: #999, @align: left) { &:-moz-placeholder { font-size: @fz; color: @color; text-align: @align; } &:-ms-input-placeholder { font-size: @fz; color: @color; text-align: @align; } &::-webkit-input-placeholder { font-size: @fz; color: @color; text-align: @align; } } // 美化占位符 placeholder 样式（自定义属性和值） .beauty-placeholder(custom, @property, @value) { &:-moz-placeholder { @{property}: @value; } &:-ms-input-placeholder { @{property}: @value; } &::-webkit-input-placeholder { @{property}: @value; } } /*------------------------------------- ├ 图形 ┆ └------------------------------------*/ // 三角形 .triangle(@width: 4px,@color: #000) { display: inline-block; width: 0; height: 0; vertical-align: middle; border-top: @width solid @color; border-left: @width solid transparent; border-right: @width solid transparent; } // 三角形箭头气泡效果, IE6-7 无表现 .arrow(top, @w: 10px, @color, @x: 50%) { position: relative; &:before { position: absolute; bottom: 100%; left: @x; content: " "; height: 0; width: 0; pointer-events: none; border-style: solid; border-color: transparent; border-bottom-color: @color; border-width: unit(@w, px); @margin: -@w; margin-left: unit(@margin, px); } } .arrow(right, @w: 10px, @color, @y: 50%) { position: relative; &:before { position: absolute; left: 100%; top: @y; content: " "; height: 0; width: 0; pointer-events: none; border-style: solid; border-color: transparent; border-left-color: @color; border-width: unit(@w, px); @margin: -@w; margin-top: unit(@margin, px); } } .arrow(bottom, @w: 10px, @color, @x: 50%) { position: relative; &:before { position: absolute; top: 100%; left: @x; content: " "; height: 0; width: 0; pointer-events: none; border-style: solid; border-color: transparent; border-top-color: @color; border-width: unit(@w, px); @margin: -@w; margin-left: unit(@margin, px); } } .arrow(left, @w: 10px, @color, @y: 50%) { position: relative; &:before { position: absolute; right: 100%; top: @y; content: " "; height: 0; width: 0; pointer-events: none; border-style: solid; border-color: transparent; border-right-color: @color; border-width: unit(@w, px); @margin: -@w; margin-top: unit(@margin, px); } } // 三角形箭头气泡效果, 带边框 .arrow-with-border(top, @w: 10px, @color, @border-w: 1px, @border-color, @x: 50%) { position: relative; &:before, &:after { bottom: 100%; left: @x; content: " "; height: 0; width: 0; position: absolute; pointer-events: none; border-style: solid; border-color: transparent; } &:after { border-bottom-color: @color; border-width: unit(@w, px); @margin: -@w; margin-left: unit(@margin, px); } &:before { border-bottom-color: @border-color; @arrbo: @w+@border-w; border-width: unit(@arrbo, px); @margin-bo: -@arrbo; margin-left: unit(@margin-bo, px); } } .arrow-with-border(bottom, @w: 10px, @color, @border-w: 1px, @border-color, @x: 50%) { position: relative; &:before, &:after { top: 100%; left: @x; content: " "; height: 0; width: 0; position: absolute; pointer-events: none; border-style: solid; border-color: transparent; } &:after { border-top-color: @color; border-width: unit(@w, px); @margin: -@w; margin-left: unit(@margin, px); } &:before { border-top-color: @border-color; @arrbo: @w+@border-w; border-width: unit(@arrbo, px); @margin-bo: -@arrbo; margin-left: unit(@margin-bo, px); } } .arrow-with-border(left, @w: 10px, @color, @border-w: 1px, @border-color, @y: 50%) { position: relative; &:before, &:after { top: @y; right: 100%; content: " "; height: 0; width: 0; position: absolute; pointer-events: none; border-style: solid; border-color: transparent; } &:after { border-right-color: @color; border-width: unit(@w, px); @margin: -@w; margin-top: unit(@margin, px); } &:before { border-right-color: @border-color; @arrbo: @w+@border-w; border-width: unit(@arrbo, px); @margin-bo: -@arrbo; margin-top: unit(@margin-bo, px); } } .arrow-with-border(right, @w: 10px, @color, @border-w: 1px, @border-color, @y: 50%) { position: relative; &:before, &:after { top: @y; left: 100%; content: " "; height: 0; width: 0; position: absolute; pointer-events: none; border-style: solid; border-color: transparent; } &:after { border-left-color: @color; border-width: unit(@w, px); @margin: -@w; margin-top: unit(@margin, px); } &:before { border-left-color: @border-color; @arrbo: @w+@border-w; border-width: unit(@arrbo, px); @margin-bo: -@arrbo; margin-top: unit(@margin-bo, px); } } /*------------------------------------- ├ 组件 ┆ └------------------------------------*/ // 吸顶导航 .fix-header(@h: 70px) { .fixed(); top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: @h; z-index: 1000; // background-color: rgba(256, 256, 256, .92); // border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(7, 17, 27, 0.1); // box-shadow: 0px 0px 20px rgba(0,0,0,0.2); } // 吸底导航 .fix-header(@h: 70px) { .fixed(); left: 0; bottom: 0; width: 100%; height: @h; z-index: 1000; } // 输入框 .input-text() { display: block; width: 100%; padding: 4px 8px; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.42858; color: #333; border: 1px solid #ddd; background-color: #fff; border-radius: 3px; } // 分割线 // <span class="separator">|/-</span> .separator() { margin: 0 10px; color: #999; font-size: 14px; } // 分割线 / (面包屑导航) .separator2() { &:before { padding: 0 5px; color: #ccc; content: "/\00a0"; } } // <hr class="hr"> // 支付宝：我也是有底线的 .hr() { height: 1px; margin: 10px 0; border: 0; clear: both; background-color: #e2e2e2; } // 改装的 fieldset // <fieldset><legend>返璞归真</legend></fieldset> .fieldset() { border-color: #d2d2d2; border-width: 1px 0 0; border-style: solid; legend { padding: 0 20px; text-align: center; font-size: 20px; font-weight: 300; } } // 引用区块（模仿 Layui） // <div class="blockquote">Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet.</div> .blockquote() { margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 15px; line-height: 22px; border-left: 5px solid #009688; border-radius: 0 2px 2px 0; background-color: #f2f2f2; } // 徽章 (椭圆、小圆点) // <span class="badge">10</span> .badge(...) { position: relative; display: inline-block; font-size: 12px; color: #fff; background-color: #FF5722; } .badge(ellipse) { min-width: 8px; height: 18px; padding: 2px 6px; text-align: center; line-height: 18px; border-radius: 9px; } .badge(dot) { width: 8px; height: 8px; border-radius: 50%; } // 关闭按钮 // <button class="close" type="button"><span>&times;</span></button> .close() { position: relative; -webkit-appearance: none; padding: 0; cursor: pointer; background: 0 0; border: 0; font-size: 20px; font-weight: 700; line-height: 1; color: #000; text-shadow: 0 1px 0 #fff; filter: alpha(opacity=20); opacity: .2; &:hover { color: #000; text-decoration: none; cursor: pointer; filter: alpha(opacity=50); opacity: .5; } &:before { content: ''; position: absolute; top: -10px; left: -10px; right: -10px; bottom: -10px; } } // 1 像素边框问题 .onepx(...) { position: relative; &:after { content: ''; display: block; position: absolute; left: 0; width: 100%; border-top: 1px solid rgba(7, 17, 27, 0.1); transform: scaleY(0.5); } } .onepx(top) { &:after { top: 0; } } .onepx(bottom) { &:after { bottom: 0; } } .onepx-easy(top, @color: #ccc) { box-shadow: inset 0px -1px 1px -1px @color; } .onepx-easy(bottom, @color: #ccc) { box-shadow: inset 0px 1px 1px -1px @color; }

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